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Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has broke out in 29 countries and regions in the world in a short period since December 2019. Various measures of prevention and control have been taken all over China. At present, the epidemic situation shows a positive trend, however, there are still a few new comfirmed cases in some area of China. So the job and thinking of epidemic prevention still cannot be relaxed. As an important specialty of stomatology, the risk of cross infection is high in oral medicine. Establishing an effective system of pre- inspection and triage and adopting strict measures of prevention and control are essential. According to the prevention and control situation of COVID- 19, the characteristics of hospital infection, pre examination, protective measures, the home management strategies of oral mucosal diseases during the epidemic period and the differential diagnosis between COVID-19 and common oral muco- sal diseases with fever were summarized and recommended in this paper.
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Objective To compare the effect of different ways of water supply and whether or not drain water from waterlines for overnight on bacterial counts in dental unit waterlines(DUWLs).Methods In the first phase,6 sets of DUWLs were randomly divided into 2 groups (external storage tank water supply group and municipal water sup-ply group);in the second phase,6 sets of DUWLs were all changed to use external storage tank and randomly di-vided into 2 groups (draining water for overnight group and without draining water for overnight group),bacterial count before and within one week of disinfection between two groups at two phases were compared respectively. Results In the first phase,handpiece water of DUWLs was most seriously contaminated by bacteria,the average colony count was 4117 CFU/mL,qualified rate was 15.38%.Before disinfection,no significant difference in bacte-rial count were found among each groups (all P>0.05),bacterial count of DUWLs of all groups severely exceeded the standard(all >3000 CFU/mL).Comparison of bacterial count in DUWLs from different water supply routes after disinfection was not significantly different on day 1(P>0.05),but were significantly different at day 2-7(all P0.05),but were significantly different on day 2-7(all P100 CFU/mL.Conclusion Use of external storage tank,daily change of sterile distilled water,and daily emptying water for overnight can effectively reduce bacterial count in DUWLs.
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Objective To design a new type of mouth opening training device.Methods The device had a semicircular structure,and was composed of upper and lower bite blocks,a spring and a regulation mechanism.The bite blocks were made by one-step injection molding,and the spring and regulation mechanisen were manufactured by metal forming.Totally 88 patients with restriction of mouth opening after mandible fracture surgery in the oral surgery department from January to December 2016 were randomly divided into two groups,and each group had 44 patients.The control group used the traditional bite block for mouth opening training,and the experimental group applied the developed training device.Training was started 10 d after surgery,and the training time lasted 3 to 6 months.Results The experiment group behaved significantly better than the control group in maximal mouth opening (P＜0.05) and patient comfort (P＜0.01).Conclusion The training device gains advantages in easy operation,patient comfort,flexibility for regulation,cleaning and maintenance and patient compliance,and thus is worthy promoting clinically.
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Objective To analyze the effect of the application of PDCA circulation in the management of oral instruments.Methods From January to June 2015,the head nurses analyzed problems of instruments management according to the outpatient instrument management and requirement standards in the department of stomatology.They followed the PDCA circulation principle,put a continuous improvement,and compared the changes in the management of oral instruments before and after 4 months (from March to June and from July to October) Results After the implementation of the PDCA circulation,the abnormal loss of equipment,numbers of instrument loss and equipment failure rate had significantly decreased,while equipment utilization rate had significantly increased,with significant statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05) Conclusion The application of PDCA circulation in the management of oral instruments could help reduce the problems of abnormal waste,loss,failure and so on,resulting in improving the instrument utilization rate.
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Objective To survey the retraction of dental unit waterlines (DUWLs)in medical institutions,and evaluate the influencing factors for retraction of DUWLs.Methods In May-November 2014,dental chair units (DCUs)in medical institutions in Tianjin City were sampled through systematic random sampling method,retrac-tion volume of DUWLs was detected by independently made detector,the relevant influencing factors were investi-gated.Results A total of 58 DCUs in 30 medical institutions in 10 districts(counties)of Tianjin were investigated, the average retraction volume of DUWLs was (103.60 ±117.85 )mm3 ,the qualified rate of retraction volume of DUWLs was 48.28 %(28/58);length of utilization of DCUs was positively correlated with DUWLs retraction (r=0.52,P 0.05 ).Conclusion The qualified rate of retraction volume of DUWLs is low,routine maintenance of DUCs needs to be intensified,especially the long-term used DUCs,contaminatin of DUWLs due to the invalidity of retraction valve should be prevented.
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Objective To compare the disinfection efficacy of different disinfectants on dental unit waterlines (DUWLs). Methods 18 sets of DUWLs were randomly divided into 4 groups,and disinfected or treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 )disinfectant,sodium hypochlorite (NaClO)disinfectant,hydrogen peroxide silver ion disinfectant(Sanosil),and distilled water (DW)respectively.Water specimens from triple syringes and high-speed handpieces were taken,bacterial count before and after disinfection were compared.Results Before disinfection,no significant differences in bacterial counts were found among four groups (all P >0.05),bacterial counts of DUWLs of all groups severely exceeded the standard(all>3 000 CFU/mL).After disinfection,except DW group,bacterial counts of DUWLs of the other groups declined dramat-ically (all <100 CFU/mL),bacterial count after disinfection were all obviously lower than before disinfection (all P <0.001 ).One week after disinfection,bacterial counts among three disinfectant groups in different time periods were statisti-cally different (triple syringes:Day1—Day5,all P <0.05;high-speed handpieces:Day2,Day3 and Day5,all P <0.05). Day3 after disinfection of triple syringes by H2 O2 and NaClO,Day4 after disinfection of high-speed handpieces by H2 O2 and NaClO,and Day5 of triple syringes and high-speed handpieces by Sanosil all exceeded the standard of Center for Disease Control and Prevention of America.One week after disinfection,bacterial counts of three disinfection groups all exceeded or approximated to that before disinfection.Conclusion Three types of disinfectants can all effectively reduce bacterial load in DUWLs.Compared with other disinfectants,Sanosil has advantage of inhibiting bacterial growth after disinfection.
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Objective To know a kind of method to prevent contamination of water system in department of stomatology. Methods Divided 120 patients with dental diseases into the control group and the observation group randomly, there were 60 cases in each group. Replace the holding tank of wa-ter and distilled water per 24 hours was used in the control group, while the method of replace the hold-ing tank of water and distilled water for each person was used in the observation group, and then com-pared the contamination condition of water system between the two groups. Results The percent of pass of water system in the observaiton group was 100%, which significant higher than the 68.33% in the control group. Conclusions Replace the holding tank of water and distilled water for each person is a kind of method to avoid contamination of water system in department of stomatology.
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OBJECTIVE To discuss etiological factors and control strategies of hospital infection,in order to reduce the occurrence of hospital infection in the outpatient department of stomatology.METHODS According to the etiological factors of the hospital infection in outpatient department of stomatology,the corresponding control measures were presented.RESULTS The occurrence of hospital infection could be cut down by steps such as establishing the perfect rules and regulations,executing technical operation rules strictly,strengthening knowledge training for the medical staff,occupational protection,environmental disinfection management of outpatient department of stomatology,equipment disinfection management,hand hygiene of medical staff and standardizing the classification of the collection of clinical waste.CONCLUSIONS Occurrence of hospital infection has been effectively cut down by management measures of hospital infection taken in the outpatient department of stomatology.
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OBJECTIVE To use evidence-based medicine to establish infection control process in hospital department of stomatology.METHODS By collecting relevant materials on infection control of hospital department of stomatology,the problems were determined in the practice.Then searched the related literatures from the evidence-based medicine(EBM) websites(MEDLINE database,etc) and undertaken comprehensive evaluation,established all the infection control processes of hospital department of stomatology by applying a systematic method.RESULTS All the monitoring indexes in cleaning,disinfection and sterilization of instruments(P
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OBJECTIVE:To study the current situation and developing trend of the drug utilization in outpatients with oral diseases. METHODS:By a retrospective method,the drug utilization data in outpatient pharmacy of our hospital from 2005 to 2007 were analyzed statistically. RESULTS:The drug varieties used remained stable. Chinese traditional patent drugs,anti-microbial drugs,anesthetics and special drugs(for patients from different departments) dominated the first 4 places in consumption sum,and they accounted for 92.4% of the 3 years. The consumption sum of top 15 drugs accounted for 79.7% of the total. Except for anti-microbial drugs,the other three categories were of high DDDs. The drugs for oral mucosal disease occupied a dominant position in terms of consumption sum,and most of which were Chinese traditional patent drugs. CONCLUSION:The drug utilization structure in outpatients with oral diseases accord with therapeutic rule of oral diseases. Pharmaceutical factiories should develop more Chinese patent medicines for oral mucosal disease.
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OBJECTIVE To understand the current situation of infection management in outpatient stomatology department of our city,and to further strengthen the hospital infection standardization management. METHODS The hospital infection management was investigated in outpatient stomatology department of 18 medical institutions. RESULTS The qualified rate of the city level hospital infection management was 75-100%,and that of the county area level was 40-80%.The disinfection and isolation were not standardized,the standardized prevention consciousness among medical staff was weak,and the hand cleaning and disinfection was insufficient. CONCLUSIONS The stomatology department has a hidden danger to emergence of hospital infection,its infection management should be further strengthened.
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OBJECTIVE To explore the key and difficult points of nosocomial infection in department of stomatology and propose some effective measures.METHODS All measures for preventing nosocomial infection in our hospital stomatology center were analyzed.RESULTS The key point of nosocomial infection management was to prevent various infections via blood,saliva and tissue of mouth.Meanwhile there were many difficult points in conception change and in diagnosis and treatment technique of nosocomial infection management.CONCLUSIONS It is necessary to pay more attention to the management of nosocomial infection and some effective management measures must be taken in to prevent nosocomial infection of stomatological department.
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OBJECTIVE To regulate the task of washing,disinfection and sterilization of stomatological apparatus for diagnosis and to prevent and control nosocomial infection.METHODS The departments of stomatology of 8 manicipal hospitals and 11 county hospitals were examinated comprehensively to find out the problems in washing,disinfection and sterilization of stomatological apparatus.Then the improve measures were proposed.RESULTS The washing,disinfection and sterilization were not eligibles,manipulations not standardized,and lack of knowledge about nosocomial infection hazards in some county hospitals.CONCLUSIONS It should be strengthen the apparatus washing,disinfection and sterilization to prevent and control,the nosocomial infection.